KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT AMONG PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 AGED 45 YEARS AND ABOVE AT KISUMU COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN KISUMU COUNTY

Abstract

This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to self-care management among Type 2 diabetes patients aged 45 and above at Kisumu County Referral Hospital. Data were gathered from 80 participants using structured questionnaires, representing a 80% response rate. Demographically, the participants were diverse, with 37.5% in the 45-54 age group, and 66.25% being male. Most participants (50%) had been diagnosed with diabetes for 1-5 years.Findings revealed that while 68% of respondents demonstrated adequate knowledge of self-care practices, a significant portion (32%) lacked critical awareness, particularly regarding complications. Additionally, although 75% of participants exhibited positive attitudes toward self-management, a quarter reported challenges in adhering to lifestyle modifications, especially dietary changes. Regarding self-care practices, adherence to medication and blood glucose monitoring was relatively high (50%), but only 25% of participants engaged in regular physical exercise.Key barriers identified included health-related challenges (43.75%), lack of knowledge (37.5%), and financial constraints (31.25%). These findings highlight the critical need for targeted educational interventions and support systems to enhance diabetes self-management, particularly in promoting physical activity and addressing knowledge gaps.In conclusion, while a majority of patients possess a positive outlook towards managing their condition, significant barriers hinder effective self-care. It is recommended that healthcare providers develop tailored educational programs and community support networks to address these challenges, emphasizing the importance of physical activity, complication awareness, and continuous patient education for improved diabetes outcomes.