FACTORS INFLUENCING EARLY DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV PATIENTS IN KISUMU COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, despite being preventable and curable. Early detection is a critical factor in reducing transmission, ensuring effective treatment, and minimizing morbidity and mortality. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that affect the early detection of TB, focusing on social, economic, healthcare system-related, and individual factors. On an individual level, misconceptions about TB symptoms, self-medication practices, and reliance on traditional healers often resulted in patients delaying seeking medical attention. The research also underscores the role of gender, with women in some regions facing greater delays due to cultural norms and reduced autonomy in accessing healthcare. Here’s a concise abstract for a study on the factors influencing early detection of tuberculosis (TB) among HIV and AIDS patients: The co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings. Early detection of TB in HIV-positive individuals is crucial for improving clinical outcomes and reducing transmission rates. This study explores the multifactorial influences affecting the timely identification of TB among patients with HIV/AIDS. Key factors examined include demographic variables (age, gender, socioeconomic status), clinical characteristics (immunosuppression levels, TB history), healthcare access (availability of diagnostic services, healthcare provider training), and awareness of TB symptoms. The findings indicate that barriers such as stigma, lack of knowledge, and insufficient healthcare resources significantly hinder early TB detection. Conversely, strong community health initiatives, regular screening, and education about TB symptoms contribute to improved detection rates. This study underscores the need for integrated healthcare approaches that enhance TB screening in HIV/AIDS populations to mitigate morbidity and mortality associated with these co-infections.